Scramble for and Partition of Africa
The Meaning of Scramble for and Partition of Africa
explain the meaning of
scramble for and partition of Africa
The
scramble for Africa:A competition among European powers to obtaining colonies.
Partition: This
was a process of dividing colonies to their respective colonial masters. This
acts as a solution for the scramble of Africa.
Periodisation:Scramble
for Africa started more in 1870s while involving different European countries.
The Causes of the Scramble for Africa leading to the Partition
Assess the causes of the
scramble for Africa leading to the partition
“Scramble” for and
partition of Africa was a result of several factors, some of which included:
1. National
balance of power while other European countries demanded colonies to be equal
or similar to Great Britain.
2. Prestige
(pride) of the nations: The number of colonies controlled by the colonial
master/nation was the measure of wealth of a nation.
3. Industrial
Revolution led to the demand of raw materials from Africa hence competition
among the European nations to obtain many colonies as possible in Africa.
4. Industrial
revolution led to overproduction in Europe hence creating a need to find
external markets (outside Europe) thus resulting in competition.
5. Change
of monopoly system: In Europe few capitalists started to own land while others
failed (those who failed to obtain land in Europe they started to find in
Africa hence competition).
6.
Conflicts between capitalists and labourers in Europe while
labourers demanded bigger salaries capitalists started to look for cheaper
labour thus started economic activities in Africa.
Why Areas in Africa Experienced more Intensive Scramble than
Others
Explain why areas in
Africa experienced more intensive scramble than others
During the scramble for
and partition of Africa some African areas like Egypt, Congo basin, Niger
delta, East Africa, Central Africa and South Africa experienced more intensive
scramble than others due to their potential. These included natural resources
that existed in the colonies i.e. minerals in South Africa, fertile soil in
central Africa, water bodies in East Africa, Egypt and Congo.
The Impact of the Scramble for and Partition of Africa
Assess the impact of the
scramble for and partition of Africa
The scramble for and
partition of Africa affected both European powers and the African continent as
well. Some of the impacts included
·
the Berlin conference,
·
cultural interference,
·
disputes and rivalries,
·
occurrence of war among European powers,
·
establishment of colonial rule,
colonial economy and monopoly companies in Africa
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